Showing posts with label Learning English. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Learning English. Show all posts
13/05/2012
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [8]
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [8]. Idiom atau ungkapan adalah gabungan kata yang membentuk arti baru yang artinya tidak mudah dipahami hanya dengan memahami kata yang membentuknya. Postingan Idiom I 'Three in One" dan audionya dapat direview "here" dan Pelajaran Idiom ke-2 "here". Idiom ke-3 dapat disimak "here". Idiom sesi ke-4 dapat direview "here' . Postingan Essential IDIOM ke-5, Idiom ke-6 . Idiom ke-7. Berikut adalah Essential Idiom ke-8,
With prices so high now, I'll have to do without a new suit this year.
o As a traveling salesperson, Monica can't do without a car.
o It's a shame that so many poor people in the world have to go without basic necessities of life such as nutritious food and suitable shelter.
2. according to: in the order of; on the authority of
o The students on the football team were ranked according to height, from shortest to tallest.
o According to my dictionary, you are using that word in your essay incorrectly.
3. to be bound to: to be certain to, to be sure to
This idiom is used when the occurrence of an event seems inevitable or unavoidable.
o We are bound to be late if you don't hurry up.
o With the economy improving now, their business is bound to make more money this year.
4. for sure: without doubt (also: for certain)
o In the dark, I couldn't tell for sure whether it was Polly or Sarah who drove by.
o I now for certain that Gene will move back to Washington next month.
5. to take for: to perceive or understand as (S)
This idiom is usually used when someone is mistakenly perceived. A noun or pronoun must separate the idiom.
o Because of his strong, muscular body, I took him for a professional athlete. As it turns out, he doesn't play any professional sports.
o What do you take me for --- a fool? I don't believe what you're saying at all.
6. to try out: to test, to use during a trial period (S)
o You can try out the new car before you decide to buy it.
o I can let you try the computer out for a few days before you make a decision.
7. to tear down: to destroy by making flat, to demolish (S)
o The construction company had to tear down the old hotel in order to build a new office building.
o The owners had to tear the house down after it burned down in a fire.
8. to tear up: to rip into small pieces (S)
o Diedre tore up the letter angrily and threw all the pieces into the trash can.
o He told the lawyer to tear the old contract up and then to prepare a new one.
9. to go over: to be appreciated or accepted
This idiom is usually followed by the adverb well. (I Lesson 6 this idiom has
the meaning to review, as in the second sentence of the second example below.)
o The teacher's organized lessons always go over well with her students.
o The comedian's jokes weren't going over well; the audience wasn't laughing much at all. I think that the comedian should go over his material more carefully before each act.
10. to run out of: to exhaust the supply of, not to have more of
o We ran out of gas right in the middle of the main street in town.
o It's dangerous to run out of water if you are in an isolated area.
11. at heart: basically, fundamentally
This idiom is used to describe the true character of a person.
o James sometimes seems quite unfriendly, but at heart he's a good person.
o The Fares often don't see eye to eye, but at heart they both love each other very much.
12. about to: ready to, just going to
o We were about to leave the house when the phone rang.
o I'm sorry that I broke in. What were you about to say?
This idiom is often used when one accepts more responsibility than one can
handle alone. It is usually used in the form to bite off more than one can chew.
o When I accepted the position of chairman, I didn't realize how much I was biting off.
o When James registered for 18 units in his last semester at college, he
2. bit off more than he could chew.
3. to tell apart: to distinguish between (also: to pick apart, to tell from) (S)
o The two brothers look so much alike that few people can tell them apart.
o That copy machine is so good that I can't pick the photocopy and the original apart.
o Most new cars are very similar in appearance. It's almost impossible to tell one from another.
4. all in all: considering everything
o There were a few problems, but all in all it was a well-organized seminar.
o Leonard got a low grade in one subject, but all in all he's a good student.
5. to pass out: to distribute (also: to hand out) (S); to lose consciousness
The verbal idiom to hand out can be made into the noun handout to refer to items that are distributed in a class or meeting.
o Please help me pass out these test papers; there must be a hundred of them.
o Alright, students, here are the class handouts for this week.
o The weather was so hot in the soccer stadium that some of the fans in the stands passed out.
6. to go around: to be sufficient or adequate for everyone present; to circulate, to move from place to place
o We thought that we had bought enough food and drink for the party, but actually there wasn't enough to go around.
o There's a bad strain of influenza going a
7. to be in (the/one's) way: to block or obstruct; not to be helpful, to cause inconvenience (for both, also: to get in the/one's way)
o Jocelyn couldn't drive through the busy intersection because a big truck was in the way.
o Our small child tried to help us paint the house, but actually he just got in our way.
8. to put on: to gain (pounds or weight) (S); to present, to perform (S)
o Bob has put on a lot of weight recently. He must have put at least fifteen pounds on.
o The Youth Actor's Guild put on a wonderful version of Romeo and Juliet at the globe Theater.
9. to put up: to tolerate, to accept unwillingly
o The employee was fired because his boss could not put up with his mistakes any longer.
o While I'm studying, I can't put up with any noise or other distractions.
10. in vain: useless, without the desired result
o All the doctors' efforts to save the injured woman were in vain. She was declared dead three hours after being admitted to the hospital.
o We tried in vain to reach you last night. Is your phone out of order?
11. day in and day out: continuously, constantly (also: day after day; for longer periods of time, year in and year out and year after year)
o During the month of April, it rained day in and day out.
o Day after day I waited for a letter from him, but one never came.
o Year in and year out, the weather in San Diego is the best in the nation.
12. to catch up: to work with the purpose of fulfilling a requirement or being equal to others
The idiom is often followed by the preposition with and a noun phrase. It is
similar in meaning to keep up with from Lesson 17.
o The student was absent from class so long that it took her a long time to catch up.
o If you are not equal to others, first you have to catch up with them before you can keep up with them.
LESSON 18
1. to do without: survive or exist without something (also: to go without)With prices so high now, I'll have to do without a new suit this year.
o As a traveling salesperson, Monica can't do without a car.
o It's a shame that so many poor people in the world have to go without basic necessities of life such as nutritious food and suitable shelter.
2. according to: in the order of; on the authority of
o The students on the football team were ranked according to height, from shortest to tallest.
o According to my dictionary, you are using that word in your essay incorrectly.
3. to be bound to: to be certain to, to be sure to
This idiom is used when the occurrence of an event seems inevitable or unavoidable.
o We are bound to be late if you don't hurry up.
o With the economy improving now, their business is bound to make more money this year.
4. for sure: without doubt (also: for certain)
o In the dark, I couldn't tell for sure whether it was Polly or Sarah who drove by.
o I now for certain that Gene will move back to Washington next month.
5. to take for: to perceive or understand as (S)
This idiom is usually used when someone is mistakenly perceived. A noun or pronoun must separate the idiom.
o Because of his strong, muscular body, I took him for a professional athlete. As it turns out, he doesn't play any professional sports.
o What do you take me for --- a fool? I don't believe what you're saying at all.
6. to try out: to test, to use during a trial period (S)
o You can try out the new car before you decide to buy it.
o I can let you try the computer out for a few days before you make a decision.
7. to tear down: to destroy by making flat, to demolish (S)
o The construction company had to tear down the old hotel in order to build a new office building.
o The owners had to tear the house down after it burned down in a fire.
8. to tear up: to rip into small pieces (S)
o Diedre tore up the letter angrily and threw all the pieces into the trash can.
o He told the lawyer to tear the old contract up and then to prepare a new one.
9. to go over: to be appreciated or accepted
This idiom is usually followed by the adverb well. (I Lesson 6 this idiom has
the meaning to review, as in the second sentence of the second example below.)
o The teacher's organized lessons always go over well with her students.
o The comedian's jokes weren't going over well; the audience wasn't laughing much at all. I think that the comedian should go over his material more carefully before each act.
10. to run out of: to exhaust the supply of, not to have more of
o We ran out of gas right in the middle of the main street in town.
o It's dangerous to run out of water if you are in an isolated area.
11. at heart: basically, fundamentally
This idiom is used to describe the true character of a person.
o James sometimes seems quite unfriendly, but at heart he's a good person.
o The Fares often don't see eye to eye, but at heart they both love each other very much.
12. about to: ready to, just going to
o We were about to leave the house when the phone rang.
o I'm sorry that I broke in. What were you about to say?
LESSON 19
1. to bite off: to accept as a responsibility or taskThis idiom is often used when one accepts more responsibility than one can
handle alone. It is usually used in the form to bite off more than one can chew.
o When I accepted the position of chairman, I didn't realize how much I was biting off.
o When James registered for 18 units in his last semester at college, he
2. bit off more than he could chew.
3. to tell apart: to distinguish between (also: to pick apart, to tell from) (S)
o The two brothers look so much alike that few people can tell them apart.
o That copy machine is so good that I can't pick the photocopy and the original apart.
o Most new cars are very similar in appearance. It's almost impossible to tell one from another.
4. all in all: considering everything
o There were a few problems, but all in all it was a well-organized seminar.
o Leonard got a low grade in one subject, but all in all he's a good student.
5. to pass out: to distribute (also: to hand out) (S); to lose consciousness
The verbal idiom to hand out can be made into the noun handout to refer to items that are distributed in a class or meeting.
o Please help me pass out these test papers; there must be a hundred of them.
o Alright, students, here are the class handouts for this week.
o The weather was so hot in the soccer stadium that some of the fans in the stands passed out.
6. to go around: to be sufficient or adequate for everyone present; to circulate, to move from place to place
o We thought that we had bought enough food and drink for the party, but actually there wasn't enough to go around.
o There's a bad strain of influenza going a
7. to be in (the/one's) way: to block or obstruct; not to be helpful, to cause inconvenience (for both, also: to get in the/one's way)
o Jocelyn couldn't drive through the busy intersection because a big truck was in the way.
o Our small child tried to help us paint the house, but actually he just got in our way.
8. to put on: to gain (pounds or weight) (S); to present, to perform (S)
o Bob has put on a lot of weight recently. He must have put at least fifteen pounds on.
o The Youth Actor's Guild put on a wonderful version of Romeo and Juliet at the globe Theater.
9. to put up: to tolerate, to accept unwillingly
o The employee was fired because his boss could not put up with his mistakes any longer.
o While I'm studying, I can't put up with any noise or other distractions.
10. in vain: useless, without the desired result
o All the doctors' efforts to save the injured woman were in vain. She was declared dead three hours after being admitted to the hospital.
o We tried in vain to reach you last night. Is your phone out of order?
11. day in and day out: continuously, constantly (also: day after day; for longer periods of time, year in and year out and year after year)
o During the month of April, it rained day in and day out.
o Day after day I waited for a letter from him, but one never came.
o Year in and year out, the weather in San Diego is the best in the nation.
12. to catch up: to work with the purpose of fulfilling a requirement or being equal to others
The idiom is often followed by the preposition with and a noun phrase. It is
similar in meaning to keep up with from Lesson 17.
o The student was absent from class so long that it took her a long time to catch up.
o If you are not equal to others, first you have to catch up with them before you can keep up with them.
11/05/2012
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [7]
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [7]. Idiom atau ungkapan adalah gabungan kata yang membentuk arti baru yang artinya tidak mudah dipahami hanya dengan memahami kata yang membentuknya. Postingan Idiom I 'Three in One" dan audionya dapat direview "here" dan Pelajaran Idiom ke-2 "here". Idiom ke-3 dapat disimak "here". Idiom sesi ke-4 dapat direview "here' . Postingan Essential IDIOM ke-5, Idiom ke-6 .
Makna idiomatikal adalah makna sebuah satuan bahasa (entah kata, frase atau kalimat) yang “menyimpang” dari makna leksikal atau makna gramatikal unsur-unsur pembentuknya. Untuk mengetahui makna idiom sebuah kata (frase atau kalimat) tidak ada jalan selain mencarinya dalam kamus. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh idiom yang biasa di gunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari ataupun dalam tes Toefl. Idiom essential ke-7 Sebagai berikut:
LESSON 161. on one's toes: alert, cautious
This idiom is usually used with the verbs stay and keep.
o It's important for all the players on a soccer team to stay on their toes.
o We'd better keep on our toes while we're walking along the dark portions of this street.
2. to get along: to make progress; to manage to live in a certain state of health
o Juan is getting along very well in his English studies.
o How is Mr. Richards getting along after his long illness?
3. hard of hearing: partially deaf, not able to hear well
o You'll have to speak a little louder. Mrs. Evans is hard of hearing.
o Please don't shout. I'm not hard of hearing.
o Listening to loud music too much can make you hard of hearing.
4. to see eye to eye: to agree, to concur
o I'm glad that we see eye to eye on the matter of the conference location.
o A husband and wife don't always see eye to eye with each other, but a good marriage can survive small disagreements.
5. to have in mind: to be considering, to be thinking (S)
o I don't want to see a movie now. I have in mind going to the park.
o It's up to you what we eat tonight. Do you have anything in mind?
6. to keep in mind: to remember, not to forget (S) (also: to bear in mind)
o Please keep in mind that you promised to call Stan around noon.
o I didn't know that Paula doesn't like vegetables. We should bear that in mind next time we invite her for dinner.
7. for once: this one time, for only one time
o For once I was able to win a game of golf against Steve, who is a much better player than I am.
o Dad, for once would you please let me drive the new car?
8. to go off: to explode; to sound as an alarm; to leave suddenly without explanation
o The accident happened when a box of firecrackers went off accidentally.
o For what time did you set the alarm clock to go off tomorrow morning?
o Vince went off without saying good-bye to anybody; I hope he wasn't angry.
9. to grow out of: to outgrow, to become too old for; to be a result of
o He still bites his nails now and then, but soon he'll grow out of the habit.
o The need for the salary committee grew out of worker dissatisfaction with the pay scale.
10. to make the best of: to do the best that one can in a poor situation
o If we can't find a larger apartment soon, we'll just have to make the best of it right here.
o Even though the Martinez family is having financial problems, they make the best of everything by enjoying the simple pleasures of life.
11. to cut off: to shorten by cutting the ends (S); to disconnect or stop suddenly (S)
o The rope was two feet longer than we needed, so we cut off the extra length.
o The operator cut our long-distance phone conversation off after two minutes.
12. to cut out: to remove by cutting (S); to stop doing something (S) (for the second definition, also: to knock it off)
For the second definition, the idiom is usually separated by the pronoun it.
o The child likes to cut out pictures form the newspaper and to paste them in a notebook.
o He kept bothering her, so finally she told him to cut it out. However, he wouldn't knock it off until her larger brother appeared.
LESSON 171. to blow out: to explode, to go flat (for tires); to extinguish by blowing (S)
o On our trip to Colorado, one of the car tires blew out when it hit a large hole in the road.
o Little Joey wasn't able to blow all the candles out, so his big sister helped him.
2. to become of: to happen to (a missing object or person)
This idiom is always used in a clause beginning with what.
o What has become of my pencil? I had it ten minutes ago, but now I can't find it.
o I wondered what became of you. I looked around the shopping center for two hours, but I couldn't find you at all.
3. to shut up: to close for a period of time (S); to be quiet, to stop talking
The second definition of this idiom is impolite in formal situations.
o During the hurricane, all the store owners shut their shops up.
o Bob's sister told him to shut up and not say anything more about it.
o The student got into big trouble for telling his teacher to shut up.
4. have got: to have, to possess
o Curtis has got a bad cold. He's sneezing and coughing a lot.
o How much money have you got with you right now?
5. have got to: must (also: have to)
o She has got to go to Chicago today to sign the contract papers.
o I have to be back home by two o'clock or my wife will feel ill at ease.
6. to keep up with: to maintain the same speed or rate as
o Frieda works so fast that no one in the office can keep up with her.
o You'll have to walk more slowly. I can't keep up with you.
7. on the other hand: however, in contrast
o Democracies provide people many freedoms and privileges. On the other hand, democracies suffer many serious problems such as crime and unemployment.
o My sister takes after my father in appearance. On the other hand, I take after my mother.
8. to turn down: to reduce in brightness or volume (S); to reject, to refuse (S)
o Please turn down the radio for me. It's too loud while I'm studying.
o Laverne wanted to join the military but the recruiting officer turned her application down because Laverne is hard of hearing in one ear.
9. fifty-fifty: divided into two equal parts
o Let's go fifty-fifty on the cost of a new rug for our apartment.
o The political candidate has a fifty-fifty chance of winning the election.
10. to break in: gradually to prepare something for use that is new and stiff (S);
to interrupt (for the second definition, also: to cut in)
o It is best to break a new car in by driving it slowly for the first few hundred miles.
o While Carrie and I were talking, Bill broke in to tell me about a telephone call.
o Peter, it's very impolite to cut in like that while others are speaking.
11. a lost cause: a hopeless case, a person or situation having no hope of positive change.
o It seems that Charles will never listen to our advice. I suppose it's a lost cause.
o The police searched for the missing girl for two weeks, but finally gave it up as a lost cause.
o Children who have committed several crimes as teenagers and show no sorrow about their actions are generally lost causes.
12. above all: mainly, especially
o Above all, don't mention the matter to Gerard; he's the last person we should tell.
o Sheila does well in all her school subjects, but above all in mathematics. Her math scores are always over 95 percent.
@alamyin, Semoga bermanfaat, Keep Share !
Makna idiomatikal adalah makna sebuah satuan bahasa (entah kata, frase atau kalimat) yang “menyimpang” dari makna leksikal atau makna gramatikal unsur-unsur pembentuknya. Untuk mengetahui makna idiom sebuah kata (frase atau kalimat) tidak ada jalan selain mencarinya dalam kamus. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh idiom yang biasa di gunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari ataupun dalam tes Toefl. Idiom essential ke-7 Sebagai berikut:
LESSON 161. on one's toes: alert, cautious
This idiom is usually used with the verbs stay and keep.
o It's important for all the players on a soccer team to stay on their toes.
o We'd better keep on our toes while we're walking along the dark portions of this street.
2. to get along: to make progress; to manage to live in a certain state of health
o Juan is getting along very well in his English studies.
o How is Mr. Richards getting along after his long illness?
3. hard of hearing: partially deaf, not able to hear well
o You'll have to speak a little louder. Mrs. Evans is hard of hearing.
o Please don't shout. I'm not hard of hearing.
o Listening to loud music too much can make you hard of hearing.
4. to see eye to eye: to agree, to concur
o I'm glad that we see eye to eye on the matter of the conference location.
o A husband and wife don't always see eye to eye with each other, but a good marriage can survive small disagreements.
5. to have in mind: to be considering, to be thinking (S)
o I don't want to see a movie now. I have in mind going to the park.
o It's up to you what we eat tonight. Do you have anything in mind?
6. to keep in mind: to remember, not to forget (S) (also: to bear in mind)
o Please keep in mind that you promised to call Stan around noon.
o I didn't know that Paula doesn't like vegetables. We should bear that in mind next time we invite her for dinner.
7. for once: this one time, for only one time
o For once I was able to win a game of golf against Steve, who is a much better player than I am.
o Dad, for once would you please let me drive the new car?
8. to go off: to explode; to sound as an alarm; to leave suddenly without explanation
o The accident happened when a box of firecrackers went off accidentally.
o For what time did you set the alarm clock to go off tomorrow morning?
o Vince went off without saying good-bye to anybody; I hope he wasn't angry.
9. to grow out of: to outgrow, to become too old for; to be a result of
o He still bites his nails now and then, but soon he'll grow out of the habit.
o The need for the salary committee grew out of worker dissatisfaction with the pay scale.
10. to make the best of: to do the best that one can in a poor situation
o If we can't find a larger apartment soon, we'll just have to make the best of it right here.
o Even though the Martinez family is having financial problems, they make the best of everything by enjoying the simple pleasures of life.
11. to cut off: to shorten by cutting the ends (S); to disconnect or stop suddenly (S)
o The rope was two feet longer than we needed, so we cut off the extra length.
o The operator cut our long-distance phone conversation off after two minutes.
12. to cut out: to remove by cutting (S); to stop doing something (S) (for the second definition, also: to knock it off)
For the second definition, the idiom is usually separated by the pronoun it.
o The child likes to cut out pictures form the newspaper and to paste them in a notebook.
o He kept bothering her, so finally she told him to cut it out. However, he wouldn't knock it off until her larger brother appeared.
LESSON 171. to blow out: to explode, to go flat (for tires); to extinguish by blowing (S)
o On our trip to Colorado, one of the car tires blew out when it hit a large hole in the road.
o Little Joey wasn't able to blow all the candles out, so his big sister helped him.
2. to become of: to happen to (a missing object or person)
This idiom is always used in a clause beginning with what.
o What has become of my pencil? I had it ten minutes ago, but now I can't find it.
o I wondered what became of you. I looked around the shopping center for two hours, but I couldn't find you at all.
3. to shut up: to close for a period of time (S); to be quiet, to stop talking
The second definition of this idiom is impolite in formal situations.
o During the hurricane, all the store owners shut their shops up.
o Bob's sister told him to shut up and not say anything more about it.
o The student got into big trouble for telling his teacher to shut up.
4. have got: to have, to possess
o Curtis has got a bad cold. He's sneezing and coughing a lot.
o How much money have you got with you right now?
5. have got to: must (also: have to)
o She has got to go to Chicago today to sign the contract papers.
o I have to be back home by two o'clock or my wife will feel ill at ease.
6. to keep up with: to maintain the same speed or rate as
o Frieda works so fast that no one in the office can keep up with her.
o You'll have to walk more slowly. I can't keep up with you.
7. on the other hand: however, in contrast
o Democracies provide people many freedoms and privileges. On the other hand, democracies suffer many serious problems such as crime and unemployment.
o My sister takes after my father in appearance. On the other hand, I take after my mother.
8. to turn down: to reduce in brightness or volume (S); to reject, to refuse (S)
o Please turn down the radio for me. It's too loud while I'm studying.
o Laverne wanted to join the military but the recruiting officer turned her application down because Laverne is hard of hearing in one ear.
9. fifty-fifty: divided into two equal parts
o Let's go fifty-fifty on the cost of a new rug for our apartment.
o The political candidate has a fifty-fifty chance of winning the election.
10. to break in: gradually to prepare something for use that is new and stiff (S);
to interrupt (for the second definition, also: to cut in)
o It is best to break a new car in by driving it slowly for the first few hundred miles.
o While Carrie and I were talking, Bill broke in to tell me about a telephone call.
o Peter, it's very impolite to cut in like that while others are speaking.
11. a lost cause: a hopeless case, a person or situation having no hope of positive change.
o It seems that Charles will never listen to our advice. I suppose it's a lost cause.
o The police searched for the missing girl for two weeks, but finally gave it up as a lost cause.
o Children who have committed several crimes as teenagers and show no sorrow about their actions are generally lost causes.
12. above all: mainly, especially
o Above all, don't mention the matter to Gerard; he's the last person we should tell.
o Sheila does well in all her school subjects, but above all in mathematics. Her math scores are always over 95 percent.
@alamyin, Semoga bermanfaat, Keep Share !
05/05/2012
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [6]
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [6]. Idiom merupakan gabungan kata yang membentuk arti baru yang artinya tidak mudah dipahami hanya dengan memahami kata yang membentuknya. Postingan Idiom I 'Three in One" dan audionya dapat direview "here" dan Pelajaran Idiom ke-2 "here". Idiom ke-3 dapat disimak "here". Idiom sesi ke-4 dan 5 dapat dilihat dalam postingan sebelumnya.
Makna idiomatikal adalah makna sebuah satuan bahasa (entah kata, frase atau kalimat) yang “menyimpang” dari makna leksikal atau makna gramatikal unsur-unsur pembentuknya. Untuk mengetahui makna idiom sebuah kata (frase atau kalimat) tidak ada jalan selain mencarinya dalam kamus. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh idiom yang biasa di gunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari ataupun dalam tes Toefl.
LESSON 14
1. to eat in/to eat out: to eat at home/to eat in a restaurant
o I feel too tired to go out for dinner. Let's eat in again tonight.
o When you eat out, what restaurant do you generally go to?
2. cut and dried: predictable, known beforehand; boring
o The results of the national election were rather cut and dried; the Republicans won easily.
o A job on a factory assembly line is certainly cut and dried.
3. to look after: to watch, to supervise, to protect (also: to take care of, to keep an eye on)
o Grandma will look after the baby while we go to the lecture.
o Who is going to take care of your house plants while you are away?
o I'd appreciate it if you'd keep an eye on my car while I'm in the store.
4. to feel like: to have the desire to, to want to consider
This idiom is usually followed by a gerund (the –ing form of a verb used as a noun).
o I don't feel like studying tonight. Let's go to a basketball game.
o I feel like taking a long walk. Would you like to go with me?
5. once and for all: finally, absolutely
o My daughter told her boyfriend once and for all that she wouldn't date him anymore.
o Once and for all, john has quit smoking cigarettes.
6. to hear from: to receive news or information from
To hear from is used for receiving a letter, telephone call, etc., from a person or organization.
o I don't hear from my brother very often since he moved to Chicago.
o Have you heard from the company about that new job?
7. to hear of: to know about, to be familiar with; to consider
The second definition is always used in the negative.
o When I asked for directions to Mill Street, the police officer said that she had never heard of it.
o Byron strongly disagreed with my request by saying, "I won't hear of it!"
8. to make fun of: to laugh at, to joke about
o They are making fun of Carla's new hair style. Don't you think that it'sreally strange?
o Don't make fun of Jose's English. He's doing the best he can.
9. to come true: to become reality, to prove to be correct
o The weatherman's forecast for today's weather certainly came true.
o Everything that the economists predicted about the increased cost of living has come true.
10. as a matter of fact: really, actually (also: in fact)
o Hans thinks he knows English well but, as a matter of fact, he speaks very poorly.
o I didn't say that. In fact, I said quite the opposite.
11. to have one's way: to arrange matters the way one wants (especially when someone else doesn't want to same way) (also: to get one's way)
o My brother always wants to have his way, but this time our parents said that we could do what I wanted.
o If Sheila doesn't get her way, she becomes very angry.
12. to look forward to: to expect or anticipate with pleasure
This idiom can be followed by a regular noun or a gerund.
o We're greatly looking forward to our vacation in Mexico.
o Margaret never looks forward to going to work.
LESSON 15
1. inside out: with the inside facing the outside
o Someone should tell little Bobby that his shirt is inside out.
o The high winds ruined the umbrella by blowing it inside out.
2. upside down: with the upper side turned toward the lower side
o The accident caused on car to turn upside down, its wheels spinning in the air.
o One of the students was only pretending to read her textbook; the teacher could see that the book was actually upside down.
3. to fill in: to write answers in (S); to inform, to tell (S)
For the second definition, the idiom can be followed by the preposition on and the information that someone is told.
o You should be careful to fill in the blanks on the registration form correctly.
o Barry was absent from the meeting, so I'd better fill him in.
o Has anyone filled the boss in on the latest public relation disaster?
4. to fill out: to complete a form (S)
This idiom is very similar to the first definition above. To fill in refers to completing various parts of a form, while to fill out refers to completing a form as one whole item.
o Every prospective employee must fill out an application by giving name, address, previous jobs, etc.
o The teenager had some trouble filling the forms out by himself, so his mother helped him.
5. to take advantage of: to use well, to profit from; to use another person's weaknesses to gain what one wants
o I took advantage of my neighbor's superior skill at tennis to improve my own ability at the game.
o Teddy is such a small, weak child that his friends take advantage of him all the time. They take advantage of him by demanding money and making him do things for them.
6. no matter: regardless of
This idiom is a shortened form of it doesn't matter. It is followed by a question word such as how, where, when, who, etc.
o No matter how much money he spends on his clothes, he never looks well dressed.
o No matter where that escaped prisoner tries to hide, the police will find him sooner or later.
7. to take up: to begin to do or study, to undertake (S); to occupy space, time, or energy (S)
o After today's exam, the class will be ready to take up the last chapter in the book.
o The piano takes up too much space in our living room. However, it would take too much time up to move it right now; so we'd better wait until later.
8. to take up with: to consult someone about an important matter (S)
The important matter follows the verb take, while the person consulted
follows with.
o Can I take the problem up with you right now? It's quite urgent.
o I can't help you with this matter. You'll have to take it up with the manager.
9. to take after: to resemble a parent or close relative (for physical appearance only, also: to look like)
o Which of your parents do you take after the most?
o Sam looks like his father, but he takes after his mother in personality.
10. in the long run: eventually, after a long period of time
This idiom is similar in meaning to sooner or later (Lesson 1). The difference is that in the long run refers to a more extended period of time.
o In the long run, the synthetic weave in this carpet will wear better than the woolen one. You won't have to replace it so soon.
o If you work hard at your marriage, you'll find out that, in the long run, your spouse can be your best friend in life.
11. in touch: having contact
o James will be in touch with us soon to relay the details of the plan.
o I certainly enjoyed seeing you again after all these years. Let's be sure to keep in touch.
12. out of touch: not having contact; not having knowledge of
o Marge and I had been out of touch for years, but then suddenly she called me up the other day.
o Larry has been so busy that he seems out of touch with world events.
o I feel too tired to go out for dinner. Let's eat in again tonight.
o When you eat out, what restaurant do you generally go to?
2. cut and dried: predictable, known beforehand; boring
o The results of the national election were rather cut and dried; the Republicans won easily.
o A job on a factory assembly line is certainly cut and dried.
3. to look after: to watch, to supervise, to protect (also: to take care of, to keep an eye on)
o Grandma will look after the baby while we go to the lecture.
o Who is going to take care of your house plants while you are away?
o I'd appreciate it if you'd keep an eye on my car while I'm in the store.
4. to feel like: to have the desire to, to want to consider
This idiom is usually followed by a gerund (the –ing form of a verb used as a noun).
o I don't feel like studying tonight. Let's go to a basketball game.
o I feel like taking a long walk. Would you like to go with me?
5. once and for all: finally, absolutely
o My daughter told her boyfriend once and for all that she wouldn't date him anymore.
o Once and for all, john has quit smoking cigarettes.
6. to hear from: to receive news or information from
To hear from is used for receiving a letter, telephone call, etc., from a person or organization.
o I don't hear from my brother very often since he moved to Chicago.
o Have you heard from the company about that new job?
7. to hear of: to know about, to be familiar with; to consider
The second definition is always used in the negative.
o When I asked for directions to Mill Street, the police officer said that she had never heard of it.
o Byron strongly disagreed with my request by saying, "I won't hear of it!"
8. to make fun of: to laugh at, to joke about
o They are making fun of Carla's new hair style. Don't you think that it'sreally strange?
o Don't make fun of Jose's English. He's doing the best he can.
9. to come true: to become reality, to prove to be correct
o The weatherman's forecast for today's weather certainly came true.
o Everything that the economists predicted about the increased cost of living has come true.
10. as a matter of fact: really, actually (also: in fact)
o Hans thinks he knows English well but, as a matter of fact, he speaks very poorly.
o I didn't say that. In fact, I said quite the opposite.
11. to have one's way: to arrange matters the way one wants (especially when someone else doesn't want to same way) (also: to get one's way)
o My brother always wants to have his way, but this time our parents said that we could do what I wanted.
o If Sheila doesn't get her way, she becomes very angry.
12. to look forward to: to expect or anticipate with pleasure
This idiom can be followed by a regular noun or a gerund.
o We're greatly looking forward to our vacation in Mexico.
o Margaret never looks forward to going to work.
LESSON 15
1. inside out: with the inside facing the outside
o Someone should tell little Bobby that his shirt is inside out.
o The high winds ruined the umbrella by blowing it inside out.
2. upside down: with the upper side turned toward the lower side
o The accident caused on car to turn upside down, its wheels spinning in the air.
o One of the students was only pretending to read her textbook; the teacher could see that the book was actually upside down.
3. to fill in: to write answers in (S); to inform, to tell (S)
For the second definition, the idiom can be followed by the preposition on and the information that someone is told.
o You should be careful to fill in the blanks on the registration form correctly.
o Barry was absent from the meeting, so I'd better fill him in.
o Has anyone filled the boss in on the latest public relation disaster?
4. to fill out: to complete a form (S)
This idiom is very similar to the first definition above. To fill in refers to completing various parts of a form, while to fill out refers to completing a form as one whole item.
o Every prospective employee must fill out an application by giving name, address, previous jobs, etc.
o The teenager had some trouble filling the forms out by himself, so his mother helped him.
5. to take advantage of: to use well, to profit from; to use another person's weaknesses to gain what one wants
o I took advantage of my neighbor's superior skill at tennis to improve my own ability at the game.
o Teddy is such a small, weak child that his friends take advantage of him all the time. They take advantage of him by demanding money and making him do things for them.
6. no matter: regardless of
This idiom is a shortened form of it doesn't matter. It is followed by a question word such as how, where, when, who, etc.
o No matter how much money he spends on his clothes, he never looks well dressed.
o No matter where that escaped prisoner tries to hide, the police will find him sooner or later.
7. to take up: to begin to do or study, to undertake (S); to occupy space, time, or energy (S)
o After today's exam, the class will be ready to take up the last chapter in the book.
o The piano takes up too much space in our living room. However, it would take too much time up to move it right now; so we'd better wait until later.
8. to take up with: to consult someone about an important matter (S)
The important matter follows the verb take, while the person consulted
follows with.
o Can I take the problem up with you right now? It's quite urgent.
o I can't help you with this matter. You'll have to take it up with the manager.
9. to take after: to resemble a parent or close relative (for physical appearance only, also: to look like)
o Which of your parents do you take after the most?
o Sam looks like his father, but he takes after his mother in personality.
10. in the long run: eventually, after a long period of time
This idiom is similar in meaning to sooner or later (Lesson 1). The difference is that in the long run refers to a more extended period of time.
o In the long run, the synthetic weave in this carpet will wear better than the woolen one. You won't have to replace it so soon.
o If you work hard at your marriage, you'll find out that, in the long run, your spouse can be your best friend in life.
11. in touch: having contact
o James will be in touch with us soon to relay the details of the plan.
o I certainly enjoyed seeing you again after all these years. Let's be sure to keep in touch.
12. out of touch: not having contact; not having knowledge of
o Marge and I had been out of touch for years, but then suddenly she called me up the other day.
o Larry has been so busy that he seems out of touch with world events.
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03/05/2012
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [5]
ESSENTIAL IDIOM FOR TOEFL TEST [5]. Idiom atau ungkapan adalah gabungan kata yang membentuk arti baru yang artinya tidak mudah dipahami hanya dengan memahami kata yang membentuknya. Postingan Idiom I 'Three in One" dan audionya dapat direview "here" dan Pelajaran Idiom ke-2 "here". Idiom ke-3 dapat disimak "here". Idiom sesi ke-4 dapat direview "here' . Postingan Essential IDIOM ke-5, Sebagai berikut:
LESSON 10
1. to make sure: to be sure, to ascertain (also: to make certain)
o Please make sure that you turn off the radio before you go out.
o Could you make certain of the time? I don't want to miss that TV show.
2. now and then: occasionally, sometimes (also: now and again, at times, from time to time, off and on, once in a while)
Both now and then and once in a while can be preceded by the adjective every.
Another idiom with the same meaning and form is every so often.
o I don't see him very often, but (every) now and then we arrange to have lunch together.
o Gary gets a cold (every) once in a while even though he takes good care of himself.
o Every so often my brother and I get together for a camping trip.
o I like to sleep late in the morning from time to time.
3. to get rid of: to eliminate (meniadakan), to remove; to discard, to throw away
o Jerry tried hard to get rid of the stain on his shirt, but he never succeeded.
o The stain was so bad that Jerry finally had to get rid of his shirt.
4. every other (one): every second (one), alternate (ones)
o I play tennis with my father every other Saturday, so I usually play twice a month.
o There were twenty problems in the exercise, but the teacher told us only to do every other one. Actually, doing ten problems was difficult enough.
5. to go with: to match, to compare well in color to design; to date, to accompany (also: to go out with)
For the first definition, adverbs such as well and poorly are often used.
o That striped shirt goes well with the gray pants, but the pants go poorly with those leather shoes.
o Eda went with Richard for about six months, but now she is going out with a new boyfriend.
6. first-rate: excellent, superb
o The food served in that four-star restaurant is truly first-rate.
o The Beverly Hills Hotel provides first-rate service to its guests.
7. to come from: to originate from
This idiom is commonly used in discussion of one's home town, state, or country.
o What country in South American does she come from? She comes from Peru.
o I just learned that he really comes from Florida, not Texas.
o Where did this package come from? The mail carrier brought it.
8. to make good time: to travel a sufficient distance at a reasonable speed The adjective excellent can also be used.
o On our last trip, it rained the entire time, so we didn't make good time.
o We made excellent time on our trip to Florida; it only took eighteen hours.
9. to mix up: to stir or shake well (S); to confuse, to bewilder (S)
For the second definition, the passive forms to be mixed up or to get mixed up are often used.
o You should mix up the ingredients well before you put them in the pan.
o The teacher's poor explanation really mixed the students up.
o The students think it's their fault that they are mixed up so often.
10. to see about: to give attention or time to (also: to attend to, to see to)
o Who is going to see about getting us a larger room for the meeting?
o I'll see to arranging music for the wedding of you attend to the entertainment.
11. to make out: to do, to succeed, to progress
o Charlie didn't make out very well on his final examinations. He may have to repeat one or more classes.
o How did Rachelle make out on her acting audition in Hollywood yesterday?
12. by heart: by memorizing
o He knows many passages form Shakespeare by heart.
o Do you know all the idioms you have studied in this book by heart?
LESSON 11
1. to keep out: not to enter, not allow to enter (S)
o There was a large sign outside the door that said, "Danger! Keep out!"
o I've told you to keep the dog out of the house.
2. to keep away (from): to stay at a distance (from) (S); to avoid use of (also: stay away from)
o Please be sure to keep the children away from the street!
o The signs on the burned-out house said, "Keep Away! Danger Zone."
o It's important for your health to stay away from dangerous drugs.
3. to find fault with: criticize, to complain about something
o It is very easy to find fault with the work of others, but more difficult to accept criticism of one's own work.
o Mrs. Johnson is always finding fault with her children, but they really try to please their mother.
4. to be up to: to be responsible for deciding; to be doing as a regular activity
The second definition is most often used in a question as a form of greeting.
o I don't care whether we go to the reception or not. It's up to you.
o Hi, George. I haven't seen you in a while. What have you been up to?
5. ill at ease: uncomfortable or worried in a situation
o Speaking in front of a large audience makes many people feel ill at ease.
o My wife and I were ill at ease because our daughter was late coming home from a date.
6. to do over: to revise, to do again (S)
A noun or pronoun must separate the two parts of this idiom.
o You'd better do the letter over because it is written so poorly.
o Jose made so many mistakes in his homework that the teacher made him do it over.
7. to look into: to investigate, to examine carefully (also: to check into)
o The police are looking into the matter of the stolen computers.
o The congressional committee will check into the financial dealings of the government contractor.
8. to take hold of: to grasp, to grip with the heads
o You should take hold of the railing as you go down those steep stairs.
o The blind man took hold of my arm as I led him across the street.
9. to get through: to finish, to complete
This idiom is followed either by the –ing form of a verb (a gerund) or by the preposition with.
o I didn't get through studying last night until almost eleven o'clock.
o At what time does your wife get through with work every day?
10. from now on: from this time into the future
o Mr. Lee's doctor told him to cut down on eating fatty foods from now
on, or else he might suffer heart disease.
o I'm sorry that I dropped by at a bad time. From now on I'll call you first.
11. to keep track of: to keep or maintain a record of; to remember the location of
o Steve keeps track of all the long-distance telephone calls related to his business that he makes from his house.
o With seven small children, how do the Wilsons keep track of all of them?
12. to be carried away: to be greatly affected by a strong feeling (S)
This idiom can also be used with get instead of be.
o Paula and Leanne were carried away by the sad movie that they saw together.
o James got carried away with anger when his roommate crashed his new car into a telephone pole.
LESSON 12
1. up to date: modern; current, timely
Hyphens (-) separate the parts of this idiom when it precedes a noun form, as in the third example. The verb to update derives from this idiom.
o The president insisted that the company bring its aging equipment up to date.
o This catalog is not up to date. It was published several years ago.
o The news program gave an up-to-date account of the nuclear accident.
The newscaster said that he would update the news report every half hour.
2. out of date: not modern; not current, not timely; no longer available in published form
Again, hyphens separate the parts of this idiom when it precedes a noun form as, in the second example. The passive verb to be outdated derives from this idiom.
o Many people buy new cars when their old cars become out of date.
o I don't know why Gene likes to wear out-of-date cloth. His clothes are so outdated that even his girlfriend hesitates to be seen with him.
o This book can't be ordered any more because it is out of date.
3. to blow up: to inflate, to fill with air (S); to explode, to destroy (or be destroyed) by explosion (S)
o Daddy, could you please blow up this balloon for me?
o When the airplane crashed into the ground, it blew up immediately.
o The military had to blow the missile up in midair when it started to go the wrong way.
4. to catch fire: to begin to burn
o Don't stand too close to the gas stove. Your clothes may catch fire.
o No one seems to know how the old building caught fire.
5. to burn down: to burn slowly, but completely (usually said of candles); to destroy completely by fire (S)
o There was a large amount of wax on the table where the candles had burned down.
o The fire spread so quickly that the firefighters could not prevent the whole block of buildings from burning down.
6. to burn up: to destroy completely by fire (S); to make angry or very annoyed (S) (also to tick off)
To burn up and to burn down (previous idiom) share the same definition but also have different definitions.
o She didn't want anyone to see the letter, so she burned it up and threw the ashes away.
o It really burns me up that he borrowed my car without asking me first.
o Mike got ticked off that his friends never offered to help him move to his new apartment. He had to do everything himself.
7. to burn out: to stop functioning because of overuse; to make tired from too muck work (S)
o This light bulb has burned out. Could you get another one?
o Studying all day for my final exams has really burned me out.
8. to make good: to succeed
o He is a hard worker, and I'm sure that he will make good in that new job.
o Alma has always made good in everything that she has done.
9. stands to reason: to be clear and logical
This idiom is almost always used with the pronoun subject it and is followed by a that clause.
o It stands to reason that a person without experience.
o It stands to reason that he isn't going to pass the course if he never studies.
10. to break out: to become widespread suddenly
o An epidemic of measles broke out in Chicago this past week.
o If a nuclear war ever breaks out, it is unlikely that many people will survive.
o The news says that a large fire has broken out in a huge chemical plant.
11. as for: regarding, concerning (also: as to)
o As for the money, we will simply have to borrow some more from the bank.
o There is no doubt as to her intelligence; she's the smartest one in the class.
12. to feel sorry for: to pity, to feel compassion for (also: to take pity on)
o Don't you feel sorry for someone who has to work the night shift?
o I helped drive Pierre around when he broke his foot because I took pity on him.
LESSON 13
1. to break down: to stop functioning
Compare this idiom with to burn out in Lesson 12. To burn out means that electrical equipment becomes hot from overuse and stops functioning. To break down means that something stops functioning mechanically, whether from overuse or not.
o I just bought my new car yesterday and already it has broken down.
o The elevator broke down, so we walked all the way up to the top floor.
2. to turn out: to become or result; to appear, to attend (also: to come out)
The noun form turnout derives from the second definition of the idiom.
o Most parents wonder how their children will turn out as adults.
o Hundreds of people came out for the demonstration against new taxes.
o What was the turnout for the public hearing on the education reforms?
3. once in a blue moon: rarely, infrequently
o Snow falls on the city of San Diego, California, once in a blue moon.
o Once in a blue moon my wife and I eat at a very expensive restaurant.
4. to give up: to stop trying, to stop a bad habit (S); to surrender (S)
o I'm sure that you can accomplish this task. Don't give up yet!
o If you give up smoking now, you can certainly live a longer life.
o The soldiers gave themselves up in the face of a stronger enemy forces.
5. to cross out: to cancel by marking with a horizontal lines (S)
o The teacher crossed out several incorrect words in Tanya's composition.
o I crossed the last line out of my letter because it had the wrong tone to it.
6. to take for granted: not to appreciate fully (S); to assume to be true without giving much thought (S)
A noun or pronoun often follows the verb take.
o John took his wife for granted until once when he was very sick and needed her constant attention for a week.
o He spoke English so well that I took it for granted he was an American.
o He took for granted that I wasn't American because I spoke English so poorly!
7. to take into account: to consider a fact while evaluating a situation (S)
Again, a noun or pronoun often follows the verb take.
o The judge took the prisoner's young age into account before sentencing him to three months in jail.
o Educators should take into account the cultural backgrounds of students when planning a school curriculum.
8. to make clear: to clarify, to explain (S)
o Please make clear that he should never act so impolitely again.
o The supervisor made it clear to the workers that they had to increase their productivity.
9. clear-cut: clearly stated, definite, apparent
o The president's message was clear-cut: the company had to reduce personnel immediately.
o Professor Larsen is well known for his interesting and clear-cut
presentations.
10.to have on: to be wearing (S)
o How do you like the hat which Grace has on today?
o When Sally came into the room, I had nothing on except my shorts.
11. to come to: to regain consciousness; to equal, to amount to
o At first they thought that the man was dead, but soon he came to.
o The bill for groceries at the supermarket came to fifty dollars.
12. to call for: to require; to request, to urge
o This cake recipe calls for some baking soda, but we don't have any.
o The member of Congress called for new laws to regulate the banking industry.
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